Punjab Basic With Industries

 Punjab

Punjab, one of the northernmost states of India, is bordered by the Pakistani province of Punjab to its west, Jammu & Kashmir in the north, Himachal Pradesh in the northeast, Haryana in the south and southeast, and Rajasthan in the southwest. The word Punjab is a compound of two Persian words, panj (“five”) and āb (“water”), thus signifying the land of five waters, or five rivers (the Beas, Chenab, Jhelum, Ravi, and Sutlej). The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu, the Vedic land of the seven rivers flowing into the ocean. The word Punjab thus means 'The Land of Five Waters', referring to the rivers Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej, and Beas.

 

Punjab, famously referred to as 'The land of five rivers', is situated in the north western part of India. This fertile land ranks amongst the most ancient civilizations in the world. Punjab is also famous for its religious diversity as it was here many religious movements were initiated.

 

The main Punjabi folk dance for females is giddha or giddhah and for men or for both men and women is bhangda or bhangra.

 

The main Traditional Punjabi food are - Sarson ka saag, Shahi paneer, Dal makhni, Rajma, Chole, Aloo, makki di Roti, Naan, Phulka, Puri, Papad, Lassi, Kheer, rabri. Culture and Tradition of Punjab – The culture of Punjab is the richest culture in the world.

 

Sikhism is the real religion of the Punjabis. The Sikh faith began around 1500 CE, when Guru Nanak began teaching a faith that was quite distinct from Hinduism and Islam.

 

Marshal of the Indian Air Force Arjan Singh, former Chief of Indian Air Force, the only living Indian military officer with a five-star rank.

 

PUNJAB was a country till 1849, but after that BRITISH ruled on it, before BRITISH rule their was no term INDIA OR PAKISTAN.

 

The economy of Punjab is the 15th largest state economy in India with ₹6.44 lakh crore in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of US$2,500, ranking 16th amongst Indian states.

 

Major industries in Punjab include food processing, tractors and auto components, agro-based parts, bicycle and bicycle parts, sports goods, light engineering goods, metal and alloys, chemical products and textiles.

 

Eastern Punjabi is one of the 22 official languages and 14 regional languages of India. It is the medium of everyday communication in the Indian state of Punjab. It is used in education, government, business and in the media.

 

Sikhism is a monotheistic religion. One of the most important names for God in Sikhism is Waheguru (Wonderful God or Lord). Sikhs learn about God through the teachings of Guru Nanak and the nine Sikh Gurus who came after him. The tenth Guru was Guru Gobind Singh.

 

Punjab has one of the oldest and richest cultures of the world. Its diversity and uniqueness is evident in the Punjabi poetry, philosophy, spirituality, education, artistry, music, cuisine, science, technology, military warfare, architecture, traditions, values and history.

 

The daily meals are usually a combination of paranthas, daal, chhole, dahi, butter chicken and seasonal vegetables tempered in desi ghee, followed by a sumptuous dessert like gajar ka halwa, kheer, phirni, rabri or gajjak, depending upon the season. Milk and milk products are also an integral part of the Punjabi diet.

 

Firozepur District is the largest district in the state while Kapurthala is the smallest district in the state. Ludhiana is the most populated district in the state of Punjab and Barnala is the least populated district in the state of Punjab.

 

Ludhiana is also famous for its industry of shawls and stoles and satisfies the demand of major domestic and international brands. As a result of its dominance in the textile industry it is often dubbed as the Manchester of India.

 

Bathinda is located in the heart of Punjab.

 

The Punjabi language can be written in the Shahmukhi and Gurmukhi scripts, making it one of the relatively unique languages written in more than one script. In layman language, a tonal language is one which uses alteration in pitch to convey different words rather than just using consonants.

 

Amritsar, historically also known as Ramdaspur and colloquially as Ambarsar, is the second largest city in the Indian state of Punjab. It is a major cultural and economic centre located in the Majha region of Punjab known for its remarkable historic significance in Partition of India. The city is the administrative headquarters of the Amritsar district.

 

According to the 2011 census, the population of Amritsar was 1,132,761. It is one of the ten Municipal Corporations in the state and Karamjit Singh Rintu is the current mayor of the city. The city is situated 217 km (135 mi) northwest of state capital Chandigarh, 455 km (283 miles) northwest of New Delhi, the national capital, and 47 km (29.2 miles) northeast of Lahore, Pakistan, with the Indo-Pak Border (Wagah) being only 28 km (17.4 mi) away.

 

Amritsar has been chosen as one of the heritage cities for HRIDAY scheme of the Government of India. Amritsar is home to Harmandir Sahib, popularly known as "The Golden Temple", one of Sikhism's most spiritually significant and most-visited gurudwaras. The city is also known for its wooden chessboards and chess pieces manufacturing industry.

 

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre (Place Near To Gurudwara Shri Darbar Sahib), involving the killings of hundreds of Indian civilians on the orders of a senior British military officer, Reginald Edward Harry Dyer, took place on 13 April 1919 in the heart of Amritsar, the holiest city of the Sikhs, on a day sacred to them as the birth anniversary of the Khalsa (Vaisakhi day).

 

The state’s GSDP (in Rs.) increased at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.78% between 2015-16 and 2020-21.

 

As of February 2021, Punjab had a total installed power generation capacity of 14,376.29 MW, of which 4,214.54 MW was under the central sector, state utilities (3,281.20 MW) and private sector (6,880.55 MW). Of the total installed power generation capacity, 8,765.51 MW was contributed by thermal power, 3,809.12 MW by hydropower and 1,604.85 MW by renewable energy.

 

According to the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), cumulative FDI inflows in the state stood at US$ 147.70 million between October 2019 and December 2020.

 

Total merchandise exports from Punjab stood at ~US$ 5.61 billion in FY20 and US$ 4.25 billion in 2020-21 (Until January 2021).

 

In September 2020, the state government initiated 12 major projects to improve road connectivity in the state, under the central road and infrastructure fund (CRIF) at a cost of Rs. 211.22 crore (US$ 28.86 million).

 

In March 2020, the Punjab government allocated an outlay of Rs. 100 crore (US$ 7.45 million) under a ‘Smart School Policy’ for smart schools and digital education.

 

Under the State Budget 2021-22, Rs. 2,449 crore (US$ 337.46 million) has been allocated for roads and bridges, of which funds worth Rs. 575 crore (US$ 79.23 million) were allocated to upgrade, construct and repair 560 kms of roads and bridges in FY22.

 

Total funds worth Rs. 160 crore (US$ 22.05 million) were proposed for improvement of 124 rural roads. A total of Rs. 250 crore (US$ 34.45 million) has been set aside, under the Central Road Fund (CRF) scheme, for various works on 308 kms of road.

 

Under the State Budget 2021-22, Rs. 1,600 crore (US$ 220.47 million), Rs. 1,400 crore (US$ 192.91 million) and Rs. 114 crore (US$ 15.71 million) have been allocated for Smart Cities, AMRUT and Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban), respectively.

 

In March 2021, Union Education Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ announced opening of a new Kendriya Vidyalaya in Punjab.

 

Gross Enrolment Ratio for higher education in the state reached 30.3 in 2017-18.

 

Under Budget 2021-22, Rs. 3,822 crore (US$ 526.65 million) has been allocated for health and family welfare to strengthen health infrastructure of the state.

 

In 2019-20, the total production of horticulture crops in the state was expected to be 413.30 thousand metric tonnes and area under production was 7,797.65 thousand hectares. In 2019-20, the total production of vegetables and fruits was estimated at 5,537.82 thousand metric tonnes and 2,106.12 thousand metric tonnes, respectively.

 

In the state, Basmati rice is the most exported commodity and exports reached US$ 535.77 million in between April 2020 and January 2021.

 

The state has emerged as a key hub for textile-based industries including yarn, readymade garments, and hosiery. With the development of apparel parks, favourable textiles policy and other incentives for the creation of textile infrastructure, the state offers opportunities for investment.  State is the source of 95% of India’s Woollen Knitwear production, 85% of India’s sewing machine production and 75% of India’s sports goods production.

 

In FY21 (until January 2021), Punjab exported cotton yarn worth US$ 323.66 million and ready-made garments (man-made fibres) worth US$ 123.55 million.

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